3rd 10th 2nd 1st
Persian Gulf Red Sea Dead Sea Indian Ocean
Arabic Farsi Kurdish Urdu
Egyptian Italian British Ottoman
Babylonians Sumerians Assyrians Arkadians
Britain Italy France USA
Euphrates Tigris Euphrates Jordan Tigris Jordan Nile Jordan
Basra Mosul Kirkuk Baghdad
230 million 2.3 million 46 million 23 million
Mosul Babylon Najaf Ashuv